Volume 41, No. 4 July/August 2024 THRESHOLDTM Rev: 07/22/24 46th Annual EOS/ESD Symposium and Exhibits September 14-19, 2024 Peppermill Resort 2707 South Virginia Street, Reno, NV 89502, USA For more information visit: https://esda.events/ Register at: https://web.cvent.com/event/6133c118-6976-4c21-9af2-e43d90898860/summary
2 THRESHOLDTM ACL STATICIDE 840 W. 49th Place, Chicago, IL 60609 Tel: 847-981-9212 Fax: 847-981-9278 info@aclstaticide.com • www.aclstaticide.com Manufacturer of anti-static topicals, dissipative coatings for plastic and floors, ESD workstation products including meters. ISO 9001:2008 certified QS CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENTS PO Box 779, Amherst, NH 03031 Tel:973-920-7000 Fax:603-672-3028 www.cemag.us web_ce@viconmedia.com Leading source of digital and print information on contamination prevention, detection, and control for cleanrooms and critical environments. July/August 2024 Dear Friends of ESDA, As I indicated in my January/February editorial, we have put a team together from the Association Board of Directors who, along with Lisa and myself, were tasked with reviewing what the vision and mission of the EOS/ESD Association, Inc. is and what we want that vision to be going forward. To provide the basis for development of our vision and mission, we used Simon Sinek’s book, “Start with Why.” The author contends that most companies begin by defining what they bring to the market and maybe even how they do this. This approach focuses attention on market differentiation and advertising but fails to inspire deep loyalty with the company employees or its customers. Instead, Mr. Sinek argues that organizations should start by defining their 'WHY' and then ensure that everything flows from there. Simon defines 'WHY' in this way, “WHY is a purpose, a cause, or a belief. It provides a clear answer to why we get out of bed in the morning, why our company even exists, and why that should matter to anyone else.” 'WHY' is the passion that guides us. Answering 'WHY' uncovers our core beliefs and commitments. After months of meeting and wrestling with ideas, inspirations, and wordings, we have done that. We are stating our 'WHY' as, “EOS/ESD Association, Inc. is a network of experts building a reliable and equitable ecosystem in the theory and practice of EOS/ ESD mitigation.” Granted, none of us are sure that this completely captures our 'WHY', but this was the best that a team of data-driven engineers could come up with. After all, we are neither poets nor literary experts. However, let me explain what this statement means to me. First, my 'WHY' in ESDA is to be part of a network, a community rather than restricting myself to the confines of my own company. This community transcends the individual companies from which we come, as well as, the competition. In EOS/ESD Association, Inc., I am part of a much larger community…with a purpose. Together we are building a reliable and equitable ecosystem. The reliability concerns that this community is striving to address are to expand the theory and practice of EOS/ESD mitigation. But what does an “equitable ecosystem" have to do with our 'WHY'? For me, it speaks to the fact that within this community, individual company size and influence does not determine position. When we are together in this community, professionals from different sized companies and geographical locations are all invited into the room and given a voice. After defining our 'WHY,' the next step is to articulate our 'HOW.' 'HOW' is defined as the understanding of the tools that we use to consistently live out our passion or our 'WHY'. We have stated our 'HOW' as, “EOS/ESD Association, Inc. collaborates and networks, building excellence in the theory and practice of EOS/ESD mitigation. We strive to be known and recognized and are vital through experts interacting and collaborating with industry leaders and participants in planning, strategy, meetings, and events.” 'HOW' we live out our passion must be consistent with our 'WHY'. And so, we collaborate and network. That is how we build the reliable and equitable ecosystem we articulated in our 'WHY'. We believe collaboration is more effective in solving issues the industry faces than competition with other organizations. While competition drives the individual companies from which we come, as indeed it should, competition within an association that serves the entire industry defeats its purpose and limits its effectiveness. It is by collaborating within this community that EOS/ESD Association, Inc. becomes vital to the industry. Finally, the organization's mission is to reflect its vision credibly and authentically in the 'WHAT' of what we do. The 'WHAT' of EOS/ ESD Association Inc. is, “EOS/ESD Association, Inc. is an accredited standards body developing international industry standards, education, and certification curricula, technical paper and presentation exchanges, and presents technical trends and roadmaps.” The 'WHAT' of the organization is the part of the mission statement that is probably the most familiar to volunteers who have been in EOS/ESD Association, Inc. for any length of time. However, what is different is that what we do is driven by the passion of 'WHY'. I am sure that many of you have had the same experience that I have had when it comes to vision statements. What happens all too often is that the organization spends considerable time and effort defining a well-crafted vision statement, only to see it reEOS/ESD Association , Inc., President Nathaniel Peachey From the President
3 THRESHOLDTM TRANSFORMING TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 3719 King Road, Toledo, OH 43617 Tel: 419-841-9552 • Fax: 419-841-3241 Email: info@transforming-technologies.com www.transforming-technologies.com Transforming Technologies provides unique and outstanding products to detect, protect, eliminate, and monitor electrostatic charges. DANGELMAYER ASSOCIATES, L.L.C. 14 Butternut Lane, Gloucester, MA 01930 Tel: 978-282-8888 • Fax: 978-282-4884 Email: ted@dangelmayer.com • www.dangelmayer.com ESD & EOS Consulting Services: No Product Sales! S20.20 Programs, Training, Auditing, CDM, CBE, Class 0, Cleanrooms July/August 2024 duced to an inscription on the wall. Could this happen to EOS/ESD Association, Inc.’s newly crafted vision statement? Yes, it could. What will keep that from happening is for the vision statement to be the north star in guiding the culture of our organization. To become this, the current leadership will need to internalize the 'WHY', 'HOW', and 'WHAT' of the vision. This will determine what the strategy of the organization will be. It will also guide the strategies of the various business units. But this is the easier part since we who have constructed the vision statement already feel the passion of that statement. The more challenging task will be to not just create the culture within the current leaders but to pass it on to the next generation of leaders. Warm regards, Nate Nate Peachey President of EOS/ESD Association Inc.
THRESHOLDTM IEST - Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology 2340 S. Arlington Heights Road, Suite 100, Arlington Heights IL 60005 Tel: 847-981-0100 • Email: information@iest.com • www.iest.com As secretariat of ISO/TC 209, IEST offers ISO 14644 and ISO 14698 standards, as well as peer-approved standardized procedures, IEST Recommended Practices. ESDEMC TECHNOLOGY, LLC 4000 Enterprise Dr., Suite 103, Rolla, MO 65401 Tel: 573-202-6411 • Fax: 877-641-9358 www.esdemc.com ESDEMC Technology designs, manufactures, and markets ESD/EMC related products and consulting services. July/August 2024 A Message from our Senior Executive Director Connections-Collaborations-Networking-Knowledge Communication is my 2024 hot topic. When you stop and think about it, let it focus you, I am amazed at the number of times where I realize I could do better. As EOS/ESD Association, Inc. begins to implement our vision and mission, communication becomes vital and could be the cornerstone of implementation success. Perhaps it is the key to ensuring Nate’s fear that the new vision and mission does not become inscribed on a wall but that it becomes the north star. Communication is an exchange of meanings between individuals through a common system of symbols. Imagine that, and here we all thought it was about speaking and listening. Why do we communicate at all? There are several functions of communication. • Informative: Communication conveys information, facts, and knowledge. • Expressive: It allows individuals to express emotions, feelings, and attitudes. • Directive: Communication guides actions or behavior by giving instructions or requests. • Social: It helps establish and maintain social relationships. • Control: Communication influences and regulates behavior within a group or society. Communication is also delivered in several ways. • Verbal: Using spoken or written words. • Nonverbal: Includes body language, gestures, facial expressions, and eye contact. • Visual: Conveying information through visual elements like images, charts, and graphs. • Interpersonal: Between two or more people. • Mass: Reaches a large audience through media channels (e.g., TV, radio, internet). • Intrapersonal: Self-talk or inner dialogue. • Group: Within a team or organization. • Intercultural: Between people from different cultural backgrounds. To communicate, the sender and receiver have to design the message using a mix of communication functions and delivery methods. The receiver must interpret or perceive the message. Context plays a pivotal role as it can facilitate or block how messages are received. Things like empathy or anger in a message impact the way we process the communication. Communication can influence what response or feedback provided. Effective communication is crucial and mastering it can significantly impact success. So what is effective communication and how does it help? Effective communication is not simply delivering a message or providing information; it creates an impact, fosters trust, and inspires action. It requires clarity, conciseness, and credibility. It leads to inclusion and engagement. Further, effective communication can prevent resistance and strengthen the team or organization. Effective communication requires: • Clarity: Express ideas clearly • Conciseness: Eliminate unnecessary details and extra words. Avoid jargon. EOS/ESD Association , Inc., Sr. Executive Director Lisa Pimpinella
THRESHOLDTM THERMO FISHER SCIENTIFIC INC. 200 Research Drive, Wilmington, MA 01887 Tel: 978-275-0800 • Fax: 978-275-0850 www.thermoscientific.com Leading manufacturer of semiconductor test equipment for the simulation of Electro Static Discharge (ESD), Latch-up, and TLP events. RMV TECHNOLOGY GROUP, LLC, A NASA INDUSTRY PARTNER NASA Ames Research Center, Space Portal, Moffett Field, CA 94035 www.esdrmv.com and www.esdaerospacetraining.org Internationally Accredited ESD Product Qualification Laboratory The Exclusive iNARTE® Certified Space & Defense ESD Engineer Training Center 650-964-4792 or renee@esdrmv.com July/August 2024 • Credibility: Be authentic and consistent. • Social Skills: Make a connection, collaborate, and inspire action. • Listening Skills: Work to understand different perspectives. Listen, do not speak or respond. Now, to put this all into context and practice, define the communication strategy, understand and deliver messages, and hear messages. What is your communication voice? Context: Consider what, how, and when you communicate. Leadership potential lies in an awareness of the signals you send during interactions. Readiness: Prepare for meetings by doing your homework. Analyze difficult situations and bring solutions, not just problems. Be Calm: Do not let frustration or emotion control communication. How do you become an active listener and hear messages? • Active Listening: Understand other perspectives. Listen actively with an effort to understand and empathize. • Nonverbal Cues: Pay attention to body language, tone, and context. • Feedback: Ask for feedback Here is the tricky part and a common mistake: communication is a two-way street. Listen as much as you speak, and adapt your approach based on the situation and the people you engage with. Effective communication begins with understanding and requires an awareness of different contexts that call for different communication strategies. • Board Meetings: Be concise, strategic, and data-driven. • Employee Town Halls: Be empathetic, transparent, and inspiring. • Internal Stakeholders: Understand the needs, concerns, and expectations of your team and peers. • External Stakeholders: Messages to customers or partners require pertinent actionable details. Deliver messages to these different audiences using a style that matches intent. Confidence: Project confidence. Your demeanor influences how others perceive your message. Authenticity: Be genuine to build trust. Body Language: Maintain eye contact, use open gestures, and stand/sit confidently. Active listening is a critical skill. It requires listening, hearing feedback and concerns, considering the input, not discounting it, and participating in a dialogue. Choose your words, situation, tone, and body language carefully. Most importantly, refine your skills, be impactful, and inspire! Together, we can achieve great things. All the Best, Lisa Lisa Pimpinella Sr. Executive Director, EOS/ESD Association, Inc.
THRESHOLDTM PROLINE 10 Avco Rd., Haverhill, MA 01835 Tel: 800-739-9067 Fax: 978-374-4885 www.1proline.com E-mail: Bench@1proline.com Manufactures ESD modular and ergonomic work benches DESCO INDUSTRIES INC. 3651 Walnut Ave., Chino, CA 91710 www.Descoindustries.com • Tel: CA-909-627-8178• MA-781-321-8370 ESD CONTROL PRODUCTS & MORE. Our brands include: APR, Desco, Desco Asia, Desco Europe, EasyBraid, EMIT, ESDSystems.com, Menda, Protektive Pak, SCS, SpecialTeam, Statguard, TRONEX and US Toyo Fan. July/August 2024 June Meeting Recap EOS/ESD Association, Inc. hosted our June face-to-face meeting series at the Embassy Suites in Denton, TX on June 3-10, 2024. More than 50 volunteers, guests, and staff participated in the meetings. Discussions covered a wide range of manufacturing and device topics. The Association Strategy, LLC, and Board of Directors also hosted meetings. The Standards Business Unit is currently developing more than 30 active projects including new and revised documents and training modules. Some of these include: • update to ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001 – HBM • major update to ESDA/JEDEC JTR001-01 – HBM user guide • update to ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001 – CDM • update to ESDA/JEDEC JTR002-01 – CDM user guide • harmonization of all manufacturing standard test methods • development of a new HMM technical report Following the two-day Board of Directors meeting, EOS/ESD Association, Inc. hosted 11 attendees for the three-day ESD Compliance Verification Technician to TR53 Certifcation training and exam. Interested in becoming certified? Learn more at https://www.esda.org/certification/eosesdassociation-esd-compliance-verification-certification-to-tr53/. Following the face-to-face meetings, the Standards business unit hosted a virtual June meeting summary session on June 21, 2024. If you missed the meetings and the summary sessions, you can catch up on WG activities by downloading a copy of the virtual summary session slides on our website at https://www.esda.org/standards/standards-working-groups/#references or by checking out the individual WG activities on the website at https://www.esda.org/standards/standardsworking-groups/. Interested in learning more about the Standards business unit? Check out the Standards Development Presentation on the website at https://esda.talentlms.com/shared/start/key:ZATDNHRK or by scanning the QR code below.
THRESHOLDTM SelecTech, Inc. 33 Wales Ave, Suite F, Avon MA 02322 USA Ph: 508-583-3200 Fax: 877-738-4537 Email: info@selectechinc.com www.selectechinc.com Manufacturer of StaticStop interlocking flooring KEY RESIN CO./FLOWCRETE 4050 Clough Woods Drive, Batavia, OH 45103 513-943-4225, Fax 513-943-4255 sales@keyresin.com www.keyresin.com Manufacturer of conductive and ESD resinous flooring and floor sealers. KEY RESIN WEST 1315 E. Gibson, Suite D., Phoenix, AZ 85034 602-523-9353, Fax 602-523-9349 July/August 2024 Our meetings are open to the public and all interested industry colleagues are welcome to attend. Join us September 10-14, 2024 at the Peppermill Resort in Reno, NV. For more information, visit https://www.esda.org/events/eosesd-association-inc-meeting-series-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12/ or scan the QR code below.
8 THRESHOLDTM SCS - Formerly 3M Static Control 914 JR Industrial Drive, Sanford, NC 27332 USA Ph: 919-718-0000 www.staticcontrol.com ESD control products: bags, floor tiles, foot grounders, ionizers, mats, testers & monitors, smocks, vacuums, wrist straps, Static Control Management and more. July/August 2024 Core Insight, Inc. 186 Galmachi-ro, Seongnam-city, Gyeonggi-do, 13230, Korea Phone: +82-31-750-9200. Email: sales@coreinsight.co.kr: www.coreinsight.co.kr Steady-State DC Ionizer Manufacturer for BenchTop, Overhead, Nozzle, Gun, Air Assist, and Ceiling Ionizers July 15-18, 2024 Asia ESD Workshop (Asia-IEW) Co-located with IPFA 2024 Embrace a brand new IEW-Asia event co-located with the International Physical and Failure Analysis of Integrated Circuits (IPFA2024) Marina Bay Sands Expo and Convention Centre 10 Bayfront Ave, Singapore 018956 For more information vist: https://www.esda.org/events/2024-asia-esd-workshop-asiaiew-co-located-with-ipfa-2024 Asia- International Electrostatic Discharge Workshop July 16-18, 2024 IEW-ASIA Setting the Global Standards for Static Control! EOS/ESD Association, Inc., 218 W Court St, Rome NY 13440-2069, USA PH +1-315-339-6937 • Email: info@esda.org • www.esda.org 2024
THRESHOLDTM HPPI GmbH Stadlerstrasse 6A, D-85540 Haar, Germany Phone: +49 (0)89 / 878 06 98 – 443; www.hppi.de Development and sales of ESD Testers July/August 2024 Molded Fiberglass Tray Co. 6175 US Highway 6, Linesville, PA 16424 USA Ph: +1-814-683-4500 Fx: +1-814-683-4504 www.mfgtray.com Manufactures fiberglass reinforced plastic Fiberstat ESD products; trays, bins, totes, and mats The Experience of First in-Person IEW in Asia In the middle of July, we embrace a new IEW-Asia event co-located with the International Physical and Failure Analysis of Integrated Circuits (IPFA2024). Never change, IEW continues to provide a relaxed, invigorating atmosphere to present new work and engage in discussions about the latest issues confronting the ESD and EOS communities in its 17th year. In addition to everything IEW-Asia provides, IEW-Asia registrants can attend the full IPFA technical program (any technical session, invited talks, and keynote speakers), including the joint evening poster reception showcasing works from both conferences. This year, the workshop retains the peculiar elements: 1 keynote speech, 2 discussion groups,10 invited talks, and 2 technical presentation sessions with 12 exciting posters. Dr. Sia Choon Beng from FormFactor, Singapore, gives the keynote speech on improving wafer measurement techniques to overcome test challenges in semiconductor device reliability studies. Making accurate, traceable, and repeatable electrical measurements with a good wafer test probe system is crucial in studying CMOS device reliability. In his talk, he focuses on enhancing wafer-level characterization to help device reliability engineers make accurate and repeatable wafer-level measurements. Unlike the keynote speech, one of the strong interaction atmospheres at IEW comes from the discussion group sessions. This year, the 2 discussion group sessions are related to EDA tools in ESD applications and foundry ESD supports. These two sessions are led by Dr. Wei Gao from HiSilicon and Dr. Jack Zeng from GlobalFoundries, respectively. In addition, the 10 Invited talks cover various ESD, latch-up (LU), and reliability fields, including design optimizations, testing methodologies, device/circuit simulations, and ESD environment control. Hanwa President Masanori Sawada gives a seminar on CDM basics and applications. Mr. Dunken Lee from Amazing IC gives a talk on system-level ESD protection design with TVS solutions in automotive applications. Professor Weiming Wang, Southwest University, provides insight into fully automatic synthesis flow on design optimizations of the ESD protection scheme in the ultra-wideband high-speed interface. Dr. Alwyn Rebello from GlobalFoundries discusses LU in high-voltage CMOS and BCD technologies. Professor Qiang Cui, Zhejiang University, provides the seminar on TCAD simulation for on-chip ESD protection analysis. Mr. Shinichi Yamaguchi from Shishido Electrostatic discusses the latest low-voltage ESD control ionizer technologies. Professor Pengpeng Ren, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, conducts his talk on aging and thermal assessment by hybrid graph networks. Lastly, Mr. Hiroyasu Ishizuka gives the seminar on component-level and system-level ESD design co-optimizations. The core of the IEW technical program is the poster sessions, which provide an ideal forum for the participants to exchange ideas. This year, the 12 excellent posters have been arranged in two technique sessions. One session focuses on
10 THRESHOLDTM Simco-Ion, Technology 1141 Harbor Bay Pkwy, Ste 201, Alameda, CA USA 94502 (800) 367-2452 (510) 217-0600 ioninfo@simco-ion.com www.simco-ion.com/technology Simco-Ion has been the world’s largest provider of solutions for static charge control for over 40 years. Products include ionizing bars, ionizing blowers, in-line ionizing products with balance control as low as ±1V, Novx real-time monitors and ESD event detection. July/August 2024 HANWA ELECTRONIC IND. CO., LTD. 689-3, Ogaito, Wakayama, Japan 649-6272 TEL:+81-73-477-4435 • FAX:+81-73-477-3445 keiichih@hanwa-ei.co.jp • www.hanwa-ei.co.jp Full Automatic Wafer Level ESD Tester / HBM, MM, HMM, and SCM ESD Tester, TLP Tester/ CDM Tester/ Electrostatic Imaging System the state-of-the-art ESD protection designs in HV technologies, chiplet interfaces, and system-level applications, and the other one has varied ESD/EOS/LU topics, including EDA verifications, device/circuit/system simulations, failure analysis, and prevention control. The sessions definitely give you comprehensive EOS/ESD aspects in this 3-day event. Nevertheless, every evening, casual networking and social gathering sessions can be the best place to connect you to the ESD family as well. On behalf of the 17th annual International ESD Workshop (IEW) Management Team, we sincerely hope you join us at the 2024 IEW-Asia in Singapore. Shih-Hung Chen, IMEC, General Chair
11 THRESHOLDTM July/August 2024 BARTH ELECTRONICS, INC. 702.293.1576 Announcing our new CMT Generator (Common Mode Transient Immunity Tester) Please see barthelectronics.com for more info on our CMT Generator, TLP + TM, VFTLP + TM, and HMM + TM Test Systems. 1589 Foothill Drive, Boulder City, NV USA 89005 beisales@barthelectronics.com NRD, LLC 2937 Alternate Boulevard, Grand Island, NY 14702 716-733-7634, Fax 716-773-7744 sales@nrdllc.com www.nrdllc.com NRD, LLC is recognized as a global leader in the field of static elimination using non-electrical nuclear ionization. The company is dedicated to developing and manufacturing static control technologies including advanced solutions utilizing Alpha and Beta emitters that meets regulatory requirements of sealed source technology. IEW Schedule Start End Tuesday, July 16, 2024 08:30 10:20 IPFA Welcome and Keynote I 10:20 10:40 Break 10:40 12:30 IPFA Keynote II 12:30 13:10 Lunch 13:10 14:10 IEW Welcome and Keynote 14:10 14:40 Discussion Group I 14:40 16:10 IEW Poster Teaser Sessions A & B 16:10 16:30 Break 16:30 17:30 IEW Poster Sessions A & B 17:30 18:30 IEW Seminar I 19:00 IEW Social Networking Activities Start End Wednesday, July 17, 2024 08:30 09:25 IEW Seminar II 09:25 10:20 IEW Seminar III 10:20 10:40 Break 10:40 11:40 IEW Invited Talk I 11:40 12:10 Discussion Group II 12:10 13:50 Lunch 13:50 15:20 IPFA ESD Session 15:20 17:00 IPFA & IEW Poster Session 17:00 18:00 Break 18:00 22:00 IPFA Banquet Start End Thursday, July 18, 2024 08:50 09:45 IEW Seminar IV 09:45 10:40 Seminar V 10:40 11:00 Break 11:00 12:00 IEW Invited Talk II 12:00 12:10 Discussion Group I Report 12:10 12:20 Discussion Group II Report 12:20 13:50 Lunch 13:50 14:45 IEW Invited Talk III 14:45 15:40 IEW Invited Talk IV 15:40 15:50 Break 15:50 16:30 IPFA Closing 16:30 17:30 IEW Invited Talk V and Closing
12 THRESHOLDTM July/August 2024 Botron Company, Inc. 21601 N. 21st Ave Phoenix, AZ 85027 Phone: (623) 582-6776 Fax: 623-582-6700. https://www.botron.com Industry-leading ESD compliance automation. Grund Technical Solutions 393-J Tomkins Ct. Gilroy, CA 95020, USA Phone: +1-408-216-8364 x103 Email: sales@grundtech.com https://www.GrundTech,com Manufacturer of ESD Test equipment for devices and wafers including PurePulse 2-pin set-up for HBM, MM, TLP and VF-TLP. Titan for independent device HBM testing. Test House Services with true 2-pin ESD Verification. Emerging Professionals Tech Talks: Static Electricity and ESD - How it Works and How to Control it August 13, 2024 01:00 pm Eastern Time (US and Canada) Jeremy Smallwood shows, using simple experiments, how static electricity can build up, how it behaves and how it can cause electrostatic discharge (ESD). He demonstrates that charge is easily separated by everyday activities and voltages can appear or disappear according to how the charge moves around and is stored. Using simple circuits, Ohm’s Law and capacitance (and an alternative explanation for those who don’t like circuits!) he explains why resistance of materials is usually a key factor and why we often specify a maximum resistance in static control. Finally, he talks about grounding and how it is used in an ESD control program. Audience This tech talk is intended for engineers, technicians and other ESD professionals. Register online for this complimentary talk: https://www.esda.org/techtalk Jeremy Smallwood, Electrostatic Solutions Ltd. Jeremy has worked in electrostatics and ESD control since the late 1980’s. He formed Electrostatic Solutions Ltd in 1998 to provide electrostatics consultancy, training and R&D services for industry and works with British and IEC standards Committees. He is a frequent author and collaborator in journal and conference papers and was awarded Best Paper at the 2020 ESDA Symposium. He was awarded the 2010 ESD Association Industry Pioneer Award, and 2017 International Fellow Award and 2022 Stig Lundquist Award at the European Electrostatics Conference. His book “The ESD Control Program Handbook” was published by Wiley in 2020. Register online for this complimentary talk: https://www.esda.org/techtalk
13 THRESHOLDTM July/August 2024 Iona TECH 164 Society Dr. Unit O Telluride, CO 81435 Phone: (510) 684-9374 https://www.iona.tech/ info@iona.tech Estatec LLC 8175 Saint Andrews Ave. San Diego, CA 92154 Phone: (619) 934-8759 https://usa.estatec.com/ casales@estatec.com Don’t miss this free to attend meeting series! Join us and contribute to future standards development! Download the schedule at: https://www.esda.org/events/eosesd-association-inc-meeting-series-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12 September Meeting Series On-Site Room Location Tuesday, September 10 Workroom/Refreshments 7:00 - 5:00 Tuscany 7 TAS 8:00 - 5:00 Tuscany 10 Wednesday, September 11 Workroom/Refreshments 7:00 - 6:00 Tuscany 7 WG 11, Packaging 8:00 - 12:00 Tuscany 9 WG 3, Ionization 1:00 - 4:00 Tuscany 9 WG 15, Gloves 4:00 - 5:00 Tuscany 9 Manufacturing WG Task Team 5:00 - 6:00 Tuscany 9 Thursday, September 12 Workroom/Refreshments 7:00 - 6:00 Tuscany 7 Strategy Team 8:00 - 5:00 Tuscany 10 Coffee Hour 8:00 - 9:00 Tuscany 9 WG 5.0, Device Testing 9:00 - 11:00 Tuscany 1 WG 2, Garments 9:00 - 11:00 Tuscany 9 Standards Discussion, Topic TBA 11:00 - 12:00 Tuscany 9 Lunch - Open to All Attendees 12:00 - 1:00 Tuscany 8 JWG, Device Testing (HBM) 1:00 - 5:00 Tuscany 1 WG 17, Process Assessment 1:00 - 4:00 Tuscany 9 WG 12, Seating 4:00 - 6:00 Tuscany 9 WG Chair Meeting 6:00 - 7:00 Tuscany 9 Friday, September 13 Workroom/Refreshments 7:00 - 5:00 Tuscany 7 LLC 8:00 - 12:00 Tuscany 10 JWG, Device Testing (CDM) 8:00 - 12:00 Tuscany 1 WG 13, Handtools 8:00 - 10:00 Tuscany 9 WG 28, Electrostatic Attraction 10:00 - 12:00 Tuscany 9 Lunch - Open to All Attendees NEWER attendees plan to join ESDA leaders at reserved tables 12:00 - 1:00 Tuscany 8 WG 97, Footwear/Flooring Systems 1:00 - 3:00 Tuscany 9 WG 14, System Level ESD 1:00 - 3:00 Tuscany 1 WG 26, System ESD Modeling 3:00 - 5:00 Tuscany 1 WG 4, Worksurfaces 3:00 - 5:00 Tuscany 9 Social Reception (All Invited) 5:30 - 6:30 Edge This meeting is on-site at Peppermill Resort and Casino 2707 South Virginia Street Reno, NV 89502
14 THRESHOLDTM WORK SURFACES CORPORATION 47 East Highland Ave.Unit B, Sierra Madre, CA 91024 Phone: +1.626.485.2555. Email: bp@worksurfaces.com https://worksurfaces.com/ We make solid brass ESD grounding systems for electronic workstations. We sell custom ESD equipment covers, wrist straps, ground cords, ect. July/August 2024 ERGOFORM, S.A. DE C.V. Av. Palmas Nte. 562, Bellavista 62140 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico Phone: +52.777311.6970. Fax: +52.777.311.666 Email: info@ergoform.com.mx https://wwwergoform.com.mx ERGOFORM is the leading Industrial, Manufacturing and Technical chair ESD manufacturer for 34 years focusing on the endusers health and the erdonomics and durability of our products. On-Site Room Location Saturday, September 14 Refreshments Tuscany Foyer WG 5.5, Device Testing (TLP) 8:00 - 10:00 Tuscany 1 WG 19, High Reliability 8:00 - 11:00 Tuscany 9 WG 22, Foundry Parameters 10:00 - 12:00 Tuscany 1 WG 29, Healthcare 11:00 - 12:00 Tuscany 9 Lunch - Open to All Attendees 12:00 - 1:00 Tuscany 8 WG 5.6, Device Testing (HMM) 1:00 - 2:00 Tuscany 1 WG 7, Flooring 1:00 - 2:00 Tuscany 9 Standards Committee (STDCOM) 2:00 - 5:00 Tuscany 1 Board of Directors 5:30 - 7:00 Tuscany 9 Sunday, September 15 Volunteer Reception with ESDA Annual Meeting 5:00 - 6:30 Tuscany A/B Thursday, September 19 Industry Council on ESD Target Levels 9:00 - 5:00 Tuscany 12
15 THRESHOLDTM July/August 2024 Tru Vue, Inc. 9400 W. 55th St. McCook, IL 60525, USA Phone: (740) 789-0623 Email: chanderson@tru-vue.com www.tru-vue.com Tru Vue is a leading manufacturer of ultra clear ESD-safe plastics, offering high-performance solutions. With over 80 years of expertise, Tru Vue provides advanced TRU-ESD™ acrylic and polycarbonate solutions for effective safety and contamination control. SIKA CORPORATION 201 Polito Ave Lyndhurst, NJ 07070, USA Phone: (844) 529-7101 Email: info.flooring@us.sika.com www.sikafloorusa.com Sika Corporation is a global leader with over 100 years of experience in building materials and restoration technologies. Sika's seamless floor and wall systems are trusted and relied upon for their performance, durability and aesthetics. Our program is packed, featuring three keynotes, giving you complete flexibility to pick and choose what interests you. We cannot wait to see you in person and get back to what makes conferences great – YOU and ME - and US – interacting, sharing, networking, learning, asking questions. Tutorials Co-sponsored by IEEE, EMC Society, The Electron Devices Society, and Reliability Society. IEEE 46th EOS/ESD SYMPOSIUM AND EXHIBITS At the Peppermill 2707 S Virginia St, Reno, NV September 14-19, 2024 Education Symposium Go to https://esda.events/ for event details – updates weekly as program is finalized Early bird pricing until Monday, July 15. Register early to lock in your discount. Sat 9/14 $950 FC100: ESD Basics for the Program Manager Sat 9/14 $950 Introduction to On-Chip ESD Protection Sat 9/14- Sun 9/15 $1,710 FC340: ESD Program Development and Assessment (ANSI/ESD S20.20 Seminar) Sat 9/14- Sun 9/15 Mon Exam 9/16 $1,950 TR53: ESD Compliance Verification Technician to TR 53 Sun 9/15 $950 FC101: How To’s of In-Plant ESD Auditing and Evaluation Measurements Sun 9/15 $450 Introduction to Characterization of On-Chip ESD Protection Overview on ESD and Latch-up Challenges in 2.5D and 3D-Stacked ICs ESD Design Challenges of RF and High Speed I/O $450 Symposium KEYNOTE: Memory Technology Advancements Driving High Performance, Reliable Systems- Chandra Mouli, Micron Technology, Inc. KEYNOTE: Charting the Connected Future- Daniel Cooley, Silicon Laboratories KEYNOTE: Advanced Failure Analysis Techniques and Workflows for 3D Packaged Devices- Frank Altman, Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems, IMWS Non-ESDA Member $850.00 ESDA Member $750.00 ESDA Life Member $675.00 Rev:06/20/24
16 THRESHOLDTM Your company could be here! Contact info.eosesda@esda.org to find out how to advertise your company in the Bi monthly Threshold. July/August 2024 EOS/ESD Association Services, LLC 218 W Court St Rome, NY 13440, USA Phone: +1.315.339.6937. Email: lpimpinella@esda.org https://www.esda.org/eosesd-association-services-llc/ ESD Control Program Plan Development assistance, Pre-assessment to ANSI/ ESD S20.20, auditing, and more. EOS/ESD Tutorials ESD Compliance Verification Technician to TR53 September 14th-16th EOS/ESD Association, Inc. established ESD Compliance Verification Technician, which is based on the ESDA’s technical report, ESD-TR53 Compliance Verification of ESD Protective Equipment and Materials. Become certified by industry leaders, developers, and authors of ESD-TR53. The ESD Compliance Verification Technician certification provides an understanding of ESD concepts, how compliance verification fits into an ESD control program, and details all the necessary equipment, methods, and best practices to successfully conduct compliance verification within your organization. ESD Program Development and Assessment– ANSI/ESD S20.20 Seminar September 14th-15th This seminar provides instruction on designing and implementing an ESD control program based on the newest release of ANSI/ESD S20.20. The course provides participants with the tools and techniques to prepare for an ESD facility audit. The following topics are covered in this course: • Overview of ANSI/ESD S20.20 • How to approach an assessment • Administrative elements • ESD program assessment • ESD program techniques for different applications • Technical elements • Overview of the assessment process • The audit checklist and follow-up questions ESD Basics for the Program Manager September 14th This tutorial provides the foundation material for understanding electrostatics and ESD and the role in the manufacturing and handling of ESD sensitive devices. The fundamental properties of charge, electric fields, voltage, capacitance, and current are discussed to understand key electrostatic phenomena and electrical processes. These include charge generation and decay, material properties, and induction. An overview of device failure mechanisms is presented, including how these models impact ESD control programs. Finally, the course provides an overview of ESD control procedures during handling and manufacturing and an overview of ANSI/ESD S20.20 program requirements. The presentation includes many in-class demonstrations, videos, and animated slides. The following topics are covered in this course: • Definitions and relationships among important electrical and mechanical properties • Causes of charge generation and decay • Field effects and voltages • Role of capacitance in ESD (Q=CV)
THRESHOLDTM July/August 2024 • Overview of key measurements including common pitfalls of some measurements • Review of ESD failure models • Understanding and demonstrating electrostatic induction • Utility and limitations of air ionization • Basic goals of ESD controls • Properties of effective ESD control products and materials • Overview of ANSI/ESD S20.20 ESD program development requirements Introduction to On-Chip ESD Protection September 14th The tutorial is designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of electrostatic discharge (ESD) events and its implications on semiconductor devices. The tutorial will delve into the fundamentals of ESD, including the physics behind the electrostatic build-up and discharge processes. Integrated circuits can get damaged by ESD events during manufacturing, testing or in assembly when they are handled by people or machines. IC layout engineers can influence the robustness of their circuits by applying guidelines and tricks. Participants will explore various ESD protection strategies and design methodologies used in modern integrated circuits (ICs). The material will cover ESD devices used from basic CMOS to advanced FinFET technologies. The session will cover key topics such as on-chip ESD protection device structures and layout considerations, Through a blend of theoretical knowledge and practical examples, the tutorial aims to equip attendees with the skills necessary to understand on-chip ESD protection schemes. This tutorial is ideal for IC engineers seeking to enhance their expertise in ESD protection for semiconductor devices. How To’s of In-Plant ESD Auditing and Evaluation Measurements September 15th Compliance verification is one of the most important ESD program management elements, and many technical and administrative pitfalls can be avoided. The attendee will learn how to make valid auditing measurements per ESD TR53 – Compliance Verification of ESD Protective Equipment and Materials and how to recognize and avoid common pitfalls. Common instruments will be explained, and the invalid test results that can result when used incorrectly. Advanced auditing techniques will also be covered that enable Class 0 devices to be handled successfully. There are many ways to administer effective compliance verification programs. Two successful examples will be presented that were developed independently by different companies. Hidden administrative pitfalls that often result in poor compliance will also be discussed. This tutorial will be highly interactive with live demonstrations, in-plant photographs, and compelling video clips. Students will be encouraged to ask questions and to participate in the discussions. Introduction to Characterization of On-Chip ESD Protection September 15th This course is about characterizing the Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) robustness of semiconductor circuits and protection solutions. It includes the typical measurement techniques like HBM, MM, CDM, TLP, VF-TLP, HMM, and IEC 61000-4-2 used in the industry. The material provides an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of each technique. The tutorial will also cover the interpretation of test results. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the trade-offs and design considerations in optimizing ESD protection devices for different applications. This tutorial is tailored for professionals in semiconductor device design and testing, seeking to deepen their expertise in ESD characterization. The following topics are covered in this course:
THRESHOLDTM July/August 2024 • ESD Characterization Techniques: Learn about the various techniques and methodologies used in the characterization of ESD protection devices. • ESD Test Models: Learn about different ESD test models, such as Human Body Model (HBM), Machine Model (MM), and Charged Device Model (CDM), and their applications in device testing. • Usage of Test Equipment: Understand the usage of specialized equipment for ESD characterisation, such as Transmission Line Pulse (TLP) testing systems. • Interpreting Test Data: Develop the ability to analyze and interpret test results to assess the performance and reliability of ESD protection structures. Overview on ESD and Latch-up Challenges in 2.5D and 3D-Stacked ICs & ESD Design Challenges of RF and High Speed I/Os September 15th 2.5D and 3D integration are commercially available packaging options in the semiconductor industry. The Industry Council on ESD targets level is working on a white paper that discusses the ESD challenges of die-to-die interfaces in 2.5D/3D stacked ICs. In this course, we provide an overview of the ESD and latch-up challenges that are currently solved or need to be solved in the near future. We discuss the impact of 3D integration on the ESD and latch-up robustness. ESD testing challenges like the assessment of the CDM robustness of internal IOs are covered and the specific requirements for the ESD protection design in 2.5D/3D stacked ICs are discussed. We will show that all ingredients for the successful enablement of commercial 2.5D/3D stacked ICs are ready to be used. RF and high speed I/Os are typically very challenging to protect against ESD stresses. This is due to the very limited ESD protection capacitance load “budget” of those pins for functional reasons. Furthermore, as the advanced CMOS technology has evolved towards 5 nm FinFET and beyond, the thinner gate oxide makes the devices become more vulnerable to ESD zaps. At the same time, a trend of a 2X increase of per-pin data rate every 4 years is observed for high-speed SerDes wireline I/Os (e.g., USB, Ethernet, etc.), and higher bandwidth is required for RF I/Os of Millimeter wave Transceivers. The following topics are covered in this course: • The increase of data rate and bandwidth requirement for every SerDes generation and the advanced CMOS technology gate oxide scaling related aspects • The ESD design trade-offs and challenges of RF and High-Speed I/O’s • The examples of ESD design techniques applicable to RF and high-speed I/O’s (RF ESD co-design, T-coil design, etc.) • The lowering of CDM level for ultra-high-speed I/O interfaces (recommendation by the Industry Council on ESD Target Levels)
THRESHOLDTM July/August 2024 Exhibits The EOS/ESD Symposium is a premier long-standing conference dedicated to the understanding of issues related to electrical transients and electrical overstress, and the application of this knowledge to the solution of problems in consumer, industrial, and automotive applications, including electronic components and manufacturing, as well as in systems, subsystems and equipment. This event provides designers, technicians, engineers, and manufacturers with focused event time to discuss and display the latest manufacturing technologies, products, and services. It is the one place where industry professionals can find solutions to solve challenges, learn from industry best practices, and see technology advances through networking, new technology displays and products to meet their needs. Strengthening ties, benchmarking operations, and staying ahead of the competition happens at this event. Participate with executives, speakers of dynamic seminars, educators sharing knowledge, and attendees looking for your assistance. This is your opportunity to make valuable contacts, develop relationships, and secure interest in your products and services. Exhibit with us to: • Reach a diverse international audience focused on you • Generate exposure and remain competitive • Share new products, concepts, and services • Enhance relationships • Showcase opportunities (limited availability) • Attend sessions of interest Booth space packages • Standard $1,950 • Peninsula $3,950 (Considered two booths, 10x20) • Gold Package $2,850 • Platinum Package $4,750 Bundles Choose Bundle 1 through 4 at $2,150/person when sending five or more attendees from your company. Bundle 1: ESD Compliance Verification Technician to TR53 and Symposium Sept 14-Sept 18 (Save $700) Bundle 2: ESD Program Development and Assessment – ANSI/ESD S20.20 Seminar and Symposium Sept 14-Sept 18 (Save $450) Bundle 3: ESD Basics, How To’s of In-Plant ESD Auditing and Evaluation, and Symposium Sept 14-Sept 18 (Save $600) Bundle 4: Introduction to On-Chip ESD Protection, Introduction to Characterization of On-Chip ESD Protection, Overview of ESD and Latch-up Challenges in 2.5D and 3D-Stacked ICs & ESD Design Challenges of RF and High Speed I/Os, and Symposium Sept 14-Sept 18 (Save $185)
THRESHOLDTM July/August 2024 122 110 • 1 } · Jg. I 1 t· )5. I V4 I .5H Tuscan 1 Tuscan 2 Tuscan 3 125 224 --1lL 119 218 1 11 17 5 214 1 1 0 11 9 208 0, filo5 103 202 221 205 203 225 Monday Symposium Paper Awards Lunch Wednesday General Chair's Reception 324 40 7 Monday-Wednesday Technical Sessions 325 420 425 321 520 419 518 516 524 55 5 2 2 1 1 3 9 FOOD AREA 415 514 517 1' 302 90' �o5 303 402 13-5" MAIN ENTRANCE 409 403 1' 515 510 513 508 511 1' 504 507 502 505 0 1 O' 20' 30' 40' 50' BOOTH_10X10.. 54 o J.05m 6,10m 9,15m 12,20m 15.25m BOOTH_10X20.. 12 EDS ESDA 2024 Monday, September 16, 2024 - Wednesday, September 18, 2024 Peppermill/ Tuscany 4, 5, 6, D, E, F / Reno, NV I DRAWN BY Hbe I REVISION DATE 09/15/2023 MondayWednesday Technical Sessions Tuesday Wednesday Workshops Monday Receptions TuesdayWednesday Workshops 12 □ ✓ALLIANCE nationwide exposition What’s Included? Standard Gold Platinum 10 x10 Pipe & Drape space with carpet One 6’ draped table, two chairs, wastebasket Company Sign Six registered booth personnel All-Access to the Welcome Reception and breaks Complete Attendee List with full contact details before and after the event Show Directory Listing EOS/ESD Symposium Proceedings (electronic files) for each exhibitor registered in your booth Six Conference Passes for all-access to the technical paper presentations and workshops (a $3,600 value) Symposium Break Sponsorship ($625 value) One year Listing in Threshold ($600 value) One year Website Buyers Guide Listing ($300 Value) Feature on ESD Industry news webpage (new page) for one year to advertise product news, with logo and weblink ($1,000 value) Listing as a symposium platinum sponsor on the event webpage and event platform, program and all associated marketing pieces, and publicity with logo and weblink ($2,500 value)
THRESHOLDTM July/August 2024 ETS ACL CCI Simco-Ion Technology Group Desco Thermo Gibo NRD Hanwa Botron HPPI Transforming Sika ESDEMC Estion Forbo Flooring Static Stop Estatec Spartech Cortec IONA TECH Staticworx Core Insight Kendall Howard Barth Phasix E SD ORBIS Advanced est E quip T Guangdong Btree Micron Teknik Static Solutions BioFit Engineered JB Technipack Siemens InCompli ance Grund TechSvs SPI SemiConSciCron tech Synopsys Tru Vue Dou Yee Premix USA Heebut Materials Bimos Lab Seating LOCATION: Peppermill Resort and Casino 3707 South Virginia Street, Reno, NV, USA Exhibits: Monday, September 16, 2024 – Wednesday, September 18, 2023 For more information visit https://www.esda.org/events/2024-symposium-exhibits
THRESHOLDTM July/August 2024 Have you seen the EOS/ESD Symposium Digital Program yet?
THRESHOLDTM July/August 2024 ESD COMPLIANCE VERIFICATION TECHNICIAN TO TR53 October 16-18, 2024 Canmax Technologies Co., Ltd., 99 Shuangma Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu, China EOS/ESD Association, Inc. established ESD Compliance Verification Technician, which is based on the ESDA’s technical report, ESD-TR53 Compliance Verification of ESD Protective Equipment and Materials. • Certified competency to perform compliance verification testing to ESD-TR53-01-22. • Training conducted by certified top-tier professionals with extensive industry experience. • Individually trained, hands-on practical with industry-standard equipment, preparing you for everyday application. Prove Your Skills, Earn Your Certification! Our TR53 course concludes with a robust assessment, requiring each participant to demonstrate their capability in conducting precise TR53 testing. This rigorous approach guarantees that your certification is a true testament to your skills. Join us to prove your expertise and gain a credential that speaks volumes! Unlock Your Expertise with TR53! Join our TR53 course, led by top-tier professionals with extensive industry experience. Dive into a comprehensive learning environment where theory meets practice, equipping you with the skills to excel. Transform your career with expert guidance every step of the way! Hands-On Training That Sets Standards! Embrace the opportunity to train on industry-standard equipment with our TR53 course. Each session is designed to provide practical, hands-on experience, ensuring you not only learn but also apply your knowledge effectively. Get ready to handle real-world scenarios confidently! Setting the Global Standards for Static Control! EOS/ESD Association, Inc. 218 W Court St, Rome, NY 13440, USA PH +1-315-339-6937 • Email: info.eosesda@esda.org • www.esda.org Rev: 05/06/24
THRESHOLDTM July/August 2024 ESD COMPLIANCE VERIFICATION TECHNICIAN TO TR53 October 16-18, 2024 Canmax Technologies Co., Ltd., 99 Shuangma Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu, China LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this training, participants should be able to: • Understand fundamentals of electrical theory & electrostatics and the applicability to an ESD Control Program • Understand what compliance verification is and how it fits within an ESD Control Program • Understand the requirements of ESD TR53-01-22 and how it can be used to meet the requirements of compliance verification • Demonstrate the ability to perform compliance verification testing in accordance with ESD TR53-01-22 WHO SHOULD ATTEND? • Individuals requiring a working knowledge and understanding • of ESD TR53-01-22 • Quality Professionals/Engineers/Consultants/Technicians • Sales / Application Specialists PREREQUISITES: Individuals should review ESD TR53-01-22 before beginning the course and keep it readily available for quick reference during the course. ESD TR53-01-22 is available by going to https://www. esda.org/store/ and searching “TR53”. The ESD Compliance Verification Technician to TR53 training will take place on October 16-18, 2024. There will be two days of training on October 16 and October 17. On October 18, the exam is given. Limited Seats Available. Register by September 16th, 2024 to guarantee a seat. Location: Canmax Technologies Co., Ltd., 99 Shuangma Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu, China Register at: https://www.esda.org/store/training-and-education/product/421/compliance-verification-technician-to-tr53-certification-in-person-training-october-16-18-2024 Setting the Global Standards for Static Control! EOS/ESD Association, Inc. 218 W Court St, Rome, NY 13440, USA PH +1-315-339-6937 • Email: info.eosesda@esda.org • www.esda.org
THRESHOLDTM July/August 2024 EOS/ESD Association Sponsored First Capstone Project at the University of Arkansas On May 3rd, the first Capstone Project sponsored by EOS/ESD Association, Inc. was successfully completed with an excellent final report at the University of Arkansas. This Capstone Project, titled of “Latch-up Test-Bench for Measurement”, was proposed by the EOS/ESD Association, Inc. Capstone Project Task Team. Since the fall of 2023, three senior University of Arkansas undergraduate students, Harshdeep Singh, Dallas Blank, and Timothy Carney, spent their last two semesters to conduct this project under the professional supervision from the academic mentor, Prof. Zhong Chen (Uni. of Arkansas), and two industry mentors, Robert Gauthier (IBM) and Scott Ward (TI). The scope of this Capstone Project was to design and build a low-cost latch-up (LU) test-bench for measurement allowing students to gain a comprehensive understanding of LU phenomenon in CMOS technologies. The project objectives of this first EOS/ESD Association, Inc. sponsored Capstone Project include: • To understand the principles and mechanisms of LU phenomenon in CMOS technology. • To design and build a low-cost LU test-bench for measurement that allows students to investigate the behaviour of different CMOS circuits under LU conditions. • To develop a low-cost PCB board for the LU test-bench. • To provide students with hands-on experience in designing, building, and testing a LU test-bench. • To enhance students' understanding of the impact of LU on circuit performance and reliability in CMOS technology. To start this LU Capstone Project, Harshdeep, Dallas, and Timothy first planned and scheduled a master timeline and systematically defined different major task blocks, including the hardware and software implementations, as presented below. In the eight months which followed, they accomplished the simulation of device parameters, the designs of PCB, experimentations of the testbench, developments of a full control program, and eventually the final measurements of the LU test-bench. The final LU test board and the measured waveforms are shown below. This LU Capstone Project provided an opportunity for students to gain hands-on experience in designing, building, and testing a LU test-bench. The project also enhanced students' understanding of the impact of LU on circuit performance and reliability in CMOS technology. The low-cost approach and simple equipment request make this project suitable for undergraduate students with basic knowledge in electronics and CMOS technology.
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